The fine grained sedimentary rocks formed under saline lacustrine conditions are a hot topic of shale oil exploration in China. In this study, based on organic petrology, scanning electron microscopy, hydrocarbon- generation kinetics and high- temperature and high- pressure thermal simulation experiments, the hydrocarbon generation characteristics of source rocks containing typical telalginite and lamalginite in the Lucaogou Formation in Jimusaer slag, Junggar basin were compared. The results of organic petrology and scanning electron microscopy showed that the form of occurrence the two kinds of algae is obviously different. Telalginite occurs as mainly isolated with a length of about 20~50 μm. The lamalginite are stacked vertically, similar to pages, with longer horizontal length. Hydrocarbon generation kinetics and high temperature and high pressure thermal simulation experiments indicate that the hydrocarbon generation processes of the two kinds of organic matter are different to some extent. The source rock dominated by telalginite can have a certain hydrocarbon generation conversion rate at a lower maturity. With the increase in the degree of evolution, the oil generation rate is slow and the range of oil generation window is wide. The hydrocarbon generation characteristics of the source rocks dominated by lamalginite are concentrated hydrocarbon generation with narrow oil generation window and high distribution of main hydrocarbon generation activation energy. This work has important implications and guiding significance for the evaluation of effective hydrocarbon source rocks and the selection of shale oil exploration intervals and sweet spots.