Lithological changes, sedimentary sequence and sea level evolution, rock mineral composition and heavy mineral assemblage of the Xiamaling Formation deposited 1.4 billion years ago are analyzed through a detailed geological survey of the Xiahuayuan Xiajiagou- Guchengliang, the Huailai Zhaojiashan, and the Chicheng Guzifang outcrops in the Hebei Province.It is considered that warm and humid climatic conditions and multi- stage tropical storms developed during the deposition of the Xiamaling Formation. The large- scale storm and turbidite deposition in early stages, and the shallow shelf tempestite, deep- water shelf shale, fine- grained turbidite and marl lens in quiet water inthe late stagesare distinct responses.During this period, a long- term slow sea- level rise and rapid sea- level decline occurred, and can be subdivided into five sea- level changes, corresponding to five third- order sequences. The material composition of the Xiamaling Formation is mainly sandy and argillaceous in the early stages, and mainly argillaceous, calcareous and dolomitic in the late stages when sand is reduced. The two types of material combination system successively affect the Yanliao basin.The Xiamaling Formation has a dual provenance in the sedimentary period. In addition to the continuous supply from the Shanhaiguan paleouplift in the east, the western Shanxi ancient land may also provide the provenance in the late stage, when the Inner Mongolia northern Hebei uplift (Inner Mongolia axis) did not exist in the north.The Yanliao basin has the characteristics of dustpan likerift basin with steep west and gentle east. The changes of paleotopography, provenance supply and multi- level sea level oscillation control the temporal and spatial evolution of the Xiamaling Formation sediments.This understanding provides an important reference for the restoration of lithofacies and paleogeography of the Yanliao basin in northern North China Craton 14 billion years ago.