碳酸盐岩油气储层高精度成像方法研究
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本文为重点研发计划项目(编号2019YFC0605503)、中石油重大科技项目(编号ZD2019- 183- 003)和国家自然基金项目(编号41922028,41874149)联合资助。


Study on high- precision imaging method of carbonate reservoir
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    摘要:

    碳酸盐岩油气储层在世界油气储层中占据着重要的地位,其油气总量约占全球油气总量的70%,具有埋藏深、构造复杂、非均质性强等特点。如何获得碳酸盐岩油气储层在地下的准确位置及构造特征,是油气勘探急需解决的难题。叠前逆时偏移成像技术采用精确的地震波动理论,能够对任意复杂构造进行高精度成像。本文针对碳酸盐岩油气储层成像难的问题,研究各向异性叠前逆时偏移成像技术,并将其应用于碳酸盐岩油气储层勘探中。通过采用精确的频散关系,推导各向异性纯qP波方程,利用高精度有限差分进行纯qP波模拟,通过叠前逆时偏移方法对纯qP波进行叠前深度偏移成像。基于典型的碳酸盐岩油气储层实际地质条件,建立逼近真实地质情况的碳酸盐岩地球物理模型,对上述模型进行偏移成像试验,结果表明各向异性逆时偏移成像技术是一种有效的碳酸盐岩油气储层勘探方法。最后将该方法应用于典型碳酸盐岩靶区的实际地震资料,并获得了精确的成像结果,进一步验证了各向异性逆时偏移成像技术在碳酸盐岩油气储层勘探中的重要作用。

    Abstract:

    Carbonate oil and gas reservoirs occupy an important position in the world's oil and gas reservoirs. The quantity of oil and gas in the carbonate reservoir accounts for about 70% of the total quantity of oil and gas in the world. The characteristics of carbonate reservoir are deep burial, strong heterogeneity and complex structure. It is an urgent issue to obtain the exact location and structural characteristics of carbonate reservoir in oil and gas exploration. Accurate seismic wave theory is applied in prestack reverse time migration, which can image any complex structure in high precision theoretically. To address the difficulty of carbonate reservoir imaging, the anisotropic prestack reverse time migration is studied and applied to the exploration of carbonate reservoir in this paper. First, the pure qP wave equation in anisotropic media is derived by using the accurate dispersion relation. The pure qP wave in anisotropic media is then simulated by using the high- precision finite difference method, and the pure qP wave is imaged using the anisotropic prestack reverse time migration method. Based on the actual geological conditions of typical carbonate reservoirs, a geophysical model of carbonate rock is established, which is close to the real geological conditions. The numerical results of the above model show that the anisotropic prestack reverse time migration is an effective exploration technique for carbonate reservoirs. The field data results further verify the important role of the anisotropic prestack reverse time migration in carbonate reservoir exploration.

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谷丙洛,韩建光,陈军,黄建平,李振春.2020.碳酸盐岩油气储层高精度成像方法研究[J].地质学报,94(8):2534-2544.
GU Bingluo, HAN Jianguang, CHEN Jun, HUANG Jianping, LI Zhenchun.2020. Study on high- precision imaging method of carbonate reservoir[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica,94(8):2534-2544.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-06-01
  • 最后修改日期:2020-06-21
  • 录用日期:2020-06-24
  • 在线发布日期: 2020-07-29
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