The Aksu area is located in the northwestern margin of the Tarim Block, and is a key area to study the breakup process of the Rodinia supercontinent rift. Unconformities are found in the rift sequence of the Aksu area. Based on LA- ICP- MS U- Pb dating of detrital zircons from the Qiaoenbrak Formation, the Yuermeinak Formation, and the Sugetbrak Formation in the Aksu area, the formation time of the unconformities, the provenance of strata both below and above the unconformities and the tectonic significance of the unconformities are discussed. Detrital zircon dating results show that depositional periods of the Yuermeinak and the Sugetbrak formations began after 708 Ma and 577 Ma respectively, and that the Aksu Group was the possible source for both these formations. Combined with previous studies, our analysis shows that: ①The angular unconformity between the Qiaoenbrak Formation and the Yuermeinak Formation was formed between 717 Ma and 708 Ma, and the unconformity between the Sugetbrak Formation and the underlying strata was formed between 580 Ma and 577 Ma. ②An episodic taphrogenesis occurred between 724 Ma and 717 Ma in the Aksu area, which may represent the climax of the taphrogenesis stage of the Rodinia supercontinent rift. ③The unconformity between the Sugetbrak Formation and the underlying strata was the taphrogenesis- depression transition interface of the Rodinia supercontinent rift, and the interface was formed between 580 Ma and 577 Ma. ④The “snowball Earth” event significantly promoted the formation of the unconformities. The formation of the angular unconformity between the Qiaoenbrak and the Yuermeinak formations, and the formation of the unconformity between the Sugetbrak Formation and the underlying strata were affected by the Sturtian glaciation and the Gaskiers glaciation, respectively. Not only the formation mechanism of the unconformities during rifting in the Aksu area is discussed, but also the rift evolution model in the Aksu area is proposed.