Buried pipe heat pump heat exchange system is a kind of heat exchange system which is widely used in the shallow geothermal energy development and utilization. Based on investigation and evaluation of shallow geothermal energy resources of Liaocheng implemented by Shandong Provincial Department of Land & Resources, we install automatic temperature collecting and monitoring devices in buried pipe heat pump heat exchange system of some communities in Liaocheng City. We collects the temperature automatic monitoring and monitoring device for the buried heat pump heat exchange system, and monitors the heat exchange hole of the buried heat pump system and the monitoring hole within a certain distance. The relationship between temperature and timedistance in the heat exchange hole and monitoring hole in a certain time range is drawn. Finally, the propagation rate and maximum influence radius of the heat transfer hole through the soil medium after heat absorption are analyzed. The result provides the basis for the engineering design of the actual buried heat pump heat exchange system.