Ore- controlling and ore- forming mechanism of structure has always been one of research hotspots and difficulties in the northwest Guizhou ore concentration area, which is an important part of the Sichuan- Yunnan- Guizhou poly- metallic metallogenic domain. Aiming at the structural research bottlenecks that has been troubling the mineralization theory of lead- zinc deposits in this area and restricting the breakthrough of deep ore- prospecting for a long time, based on the structural analysis of 10 major Zn- Pb deposits, including analytic geometry, kinematics and mechanical properties by Theory and Method of Orefield Geomechanics, the five types of ore- controlling structure combination types, these are normal fault—anticline type, both direction faults—anticline combination type, synclinal faults—anticline combination type, anti- dip fault in different vertical positions—anticline type and synclinal reverse faults—anticline combination type, have been identified and determined. Combined with the structural ore- controlling regularities of major deposits and deep geophysical exploration and the other information, the genic development processes of structural systems in this area have underwent three stages since the indo- china period, including Northeast- trending tectonic system→Northwest- trending tectonic system→North- south- trending tectonic system. In these systems, North- eastern- trending tectonic system is the metallogenic tectonic system. On the basis of demonstrating the structural ore- controlling mechanism, the structural ore- controlling model of Zn- Pb deposits in northwestern Guizhou has been established. These studies provide a theoretical basis for regional exploration deployment and deep prospecting breakthrough of deposits in the future.