蒙古洋西南弧后盆地闭合时限的探讨——来自阿拉善陆块南部岩体地球化学和锆石测年的约束
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本文为中国地质调查局地质大调查项目(编号 1212011220870,12120114077201,DD20160124)、中央公益性院所基金项目(编号 K1327)联合资助的成果。


Closure time limit of the back- arc basin in the southwest of the Mongolian Ocean: constraints from geochemistry and zircon dating of rocks in the southern Alxa block
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    摘要:

    精确地厘定霍尔森- 查干楚鲁弧后盆地闭合的时限对于理解阿拉善陆块的构造演化历史和梳理阿拉善陆块南部地区矿化事件的时空序列具有十分重要的意义。该弧后盆地最终消失于巴丹吉林断裂带的位置。虽然在巴丹吉林断裂带东段,通过查干楚鲁蛇绿岩套将此弧后盆地东段的闭合时间约束在275Ma左右,但由于该断裂带西段缺失蛇绿岩套,使霍尔森- 查干楚鲁弧后盆地的闭合时限仍不清楚。本文通过开展对上述断裂带西段中的特拜石英闪长岩和管材陶鲁盖花岗斑岩等岩体的岩石学、地球化学、锆石U- Pb测年等方面的研究工作,结果表明,特拜石英闪长岩属I型花岗岩类,岩石相对富集Rb、Th、U、K等大离子亲石元素,相对亏损Ta、Nb、P、Zr、Hf、Ti等高场强元素,轻稀土富集,重稀土亏损,具有弱的铕负异常,Sr- Nd同位素组成接近OIB或EMⅠ型富集地幔源区,岩体形成于霍尔森- 查干楚鲁弧后盆地向阿拉善陆块俯冲的挤压构造环境,成岩年龄为281. 7±1. 1Ma。管材陶鲁盖花岗斑岩属A型花岗岩类,岩石相对富集Rb、Th、U、K等大离子亲石元素和LREE、Zr、Hf,相对亏损Ta、Nb、P、Ti等高场强元素和Ba、Sr、Eu,轻稀土富集,重稀土亏损,铕负异常明显,Sr- Nd同位素组成接近EMⅡ型富集地幔源区,岩体形成于霍尔森- 查干楚鲁弧后盆地南侧大陆与火山弧碰撞后的伸展构造环境,成岩年龄为272. 6±0. 8Ma。本文提出该弧后盆地西段闭合时间不应早于281. 7±1. 1Ma,且不应晚于272. 6±0. 8Ma。结合该弧后盆地东段闭合于275Ma左右的认识,本文认为霍尔森- 查干楚鲁弧后盆地整体的闭合时限介于282~272Ma之间。在巴丹吉林断裂带南侧的大多数矿化事件均为对霍尔森- 查干楚鲁弧后盆地闭合事件的响应,这些矿床沿巴丹吉林断裂带分布,成矿作用与华力西期岩浆活动相关,成矿年龄应接近282~272Ma。

    Abstract:

    Accurately determining the closure time of the Huoersen- Chaganchulu back- arc basin has important meaning for understanding the tectonic evolution history of the Alxa block and clarifying the spatial and temporal sequence of mineralizing events in the southern part of the Alxa continent. The back- arc basin disappeared in the Badanjilin fault zone. Although the eastern part of the Badanjilin fault zone was confirmed to close at about 275 Ma through the Chaganchulu Ophiolite Suite, the closure time of the western part of that fault zone is still unknown because of lack of ophiolite suite in the west. In this paper, the Tebai quartz diorite and the Guancaitaolugai granite porphyry in the western part of the Badanjilin fault zone were studied using petrology, geochemistry and zircon U- Pb dating. The results show that the Tebai quartz diorite belongs to the I- type granitoid, which is relatively enriched in LILE (like Rb, Th, U, K) and LREE, and relatively depleted in HFSE (like Ta, Nb, P, Zr, Hf, Ti) and HREEs, with weak Eu negative anomaly. Sr- Nd isotopic compositions of the Tebai quartz diorite, which are similar to that of OIB or EM I- type mantle source, suggest that the rock formed in the extrusion tectonic environment at 281. 7±1. 1 Ma when the Huoersen- Chaganchulu back arc basin was subducted to the Alxa continent. The Guancaitaolugai granite porphyry belongs to the A- type granitoid, which is relatively enriched in LILE (such as Rb, Th, U, K, Zr, Hf), LREEs, Zr and Hf, and relatively depleted in HFSE (such as Ta, Nb, P and Ti), Ba, Sr and Eu. Enrichment of LREE and depletion of HREE, distinct Eu anomaly, and Sr- Nd isotopic composition close to that of EM II- type enriched mantle source suggest that the Guancaitaolugai granite porphyry formed in the extensional tectonic environment at 272. 6±0. 8 Ma when the continent in the south of Huoersen- Chaganchulu back- arc basin collided with volcanic arc. The closure time of that basin in this paper should be no earlier than 272. 6±0. 8 Ma, but not later than 272. 6±0. 8 Ma. Combined with the understanding that the eastern part of Huoersen- Chaganchulu back- arc basin closed at ~275 Ma, this study argued that the Huoersen- Chaganchulu back arc basin closed at the time between 282 Ma and 272 Ma. Most of the mineralization events in the southern side of the Badanjilin fault zone are the response to the closure event of the Huoersen- Chaganchulu back- arc basin. Distributed along the Badanjilin fault zone, these deposits should be related to the Variscan magma activities, with the mineralization age close to 282~272 Ma.

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杨轩,李以科,王安建.2019.蒙古洋西南弧后盆地闭合时限的探讨——来自阿拉善陆块南部岩体地球化学和锆石测年的约束[J].地质学报,93(7):1639-1654.
YANG Xuan, LI Yike, WANG Anjian.2019. Closure time limit of the back- arc basin in the southwest of the Mongolian Ocean: constraints from geochemistry and zircon dating of rocks in the southern Alxa block[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica,93(7):1639-1654.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-07-30
  • 最后修改日期:2018-12-14
  • 录用日期:2018-12-14
  • 在线发布日期: 2019-02-25
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