西藏双湖古近纪唢呐湖组碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄与古海拔高度
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中国地质科学院,中国地质科学院,中国地质科学院地质力学研究所,中国地质科学院地质力学研究所,中国地质科学院

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U-Pb Ages of Detrital Zircons from the Suonahu Formation and Paleo-elevation Determination in Late Paleogene in the Shuanghu Area, Northern Tibet
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Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Institute of Geomechanics,CAGS,Institute of Geomechanics,CAGS,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences

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    摘要:

    青藏高原北部古近纪晚期大面积发育唢呐湖组湖相沉积,主要为砖红色、棕色、灰白色泥灰岩、泥岩、粉砂岩互层,夹石膏层和灰岩,广泛出露于羌塘中部、可可西里、东昆仑南部,形成时代为41.1±0.8~32.5 SymbolqB@ 0.3Ma,向可可西里东部过渡为雅西错群。对双湖采坑唢呐湖组上部湖相沉积地层进行详细观测和系统取样,对泥灰岩和粘土岩样品选碎屑锆石作LA-MC-ICP-MS U-Pb同位素测年,对不同层位泥灰岩、粘土岩、灰岩样品作碳、氧同位素分析,结合区域地质相关资料,良好揭示了碎屑锆石来源、沉积地貌环境及古海拔高度。双湖采坑唢呐湖组碎屑锆石绝大部分为岩浆锆石,统计分析碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄,发现存在4期峰值,分别为280~200Ma、780~830Ma、1920~1790Ma、2600~2360Ma;对比区域地质和岩浆岩测年资料,推断晚二叠世—三叠纪(280~200Ma)碎屑锆石主要来自于羌中隆起岩浆岩,新元古代中期(~800Ma)、古元古代晚期(~1800Ma)、太古宙末期—古元古代初期(~2500Ma)碎屑锆石主要来自于东昆仑造山带。双湖采坑碎屑锆石部分测点U-Pb同位素呈线性分布,交点年龄及谐和年龄为1883 SymbolqB@ 51~1837 SymbolqB@ 12Ma、2483 SymbolqB@ 24~2520 SymbolqB@ 37Ma,对应东昆仑造山带早前寒武纪2期岩浆热事件年龄。根据唢呐湖组湖相沉积空间分布和碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄统计分布,推断青藏高原北部古近纪晚期发育自北向南流动的古水系,古洪流将东昆仑造山带出露地表的前寒武纪基底岩浆锆石自北向南长距离搬运,汇聚于双湖古湖盆并沉积于唢呐湖组。根据双湖采坑唢呐湖组湖相沉积碳同位素和氧同位素,估算双湖古湖盆35~34Ma古海拔高度为3427~3510m,这与应用Airy均衡模式根据地壳厚度和密度变化估算的古海拔高度在误差范围内基本吻合。

    Abstract:

    Late Paleogene lacustrine strata of the Suonahu Formation, mainly consisted of brownish red, brown and gray marl, mudstone, siltstone intercalated with gypsum and limestone, formed and outcrops widely in central Qiangtang, Hohxil and southern Kunlun Blocks, northern Tibetan Plateau. Isotopic ages of volcanic rocks overlying and beneath Late Paleogene lacustrine strata indicate that the Suonahu Formation in Shuanghu and its adjacent areas, central Qiangtang Block formed in 41.1±0.8~32.5±0.3 Ma. Similar lacustrine deposits of the Suonahu Formation gradually change to the Yaxicuo Group in eastern Hohxil Block. Samples were collected in the Upper Suonahu Formation along a wide trench in Shuanghu. Detrital zircons were selected in brown marl, brown clay and gray clay samples, and LA-MC-ICP-MS U-Pb isotoic dating were finished for detrital zircons from the three samples, while more samples were analyzed for determination of carbon and oxygen isotopes of marl, clay and limestone from the Suonahu Formation in Shuanghu trench. These data, together with field geology, reveal well the origin of detrital zircons, paleostream and paleoelevation in northern Tibetan Plateau. Most detrital zircons of the Suonahu Formation in Shuanghu trench are magmatic zircons, and four statistical peaks of U-Pb ages of these detrital zircons occur in 280~200Ma, 780~830Ma, 1920~1790Ma, 2600~2360Ma for all the samples. The extensive distribution of lacustrine deposits of Suonahu Formation indicate that paleolakes in southern East Kunlun, Hohxil and Shuanghu areas were linked by water passages in Late EoceneEarly Oligocene, so detrital zircons of Suonahu Formation in Shuanghu might come from source rocks in the East Kunlun, Hohxil and Qiangtang blocks. By comparing to regional data of geology and chronology, it is inferred that detrital zircons with peak ages in 280~200Ma come from the Late PermianTriassic magmatic rocks in Central Qiangtang Uplift, and detrital zircons with peak ages in ~800Ma, ~1800Ma and ~2500Ma came from the Middle NeoProterozoic, Late PaleoProterozoic and Ending ArcheanInitial Proterozoic magmatic rocks, respectively, in East Kunun orogenic belt. Early Precambrian detrital zircons from Suonahu Formation in Shuanghu trench scatter linearly in the UPb isotopic diagram with intercept ages in 1883±51~1837±12 Ma and 2483±24~2520±37 Ma, corresponding to 2 periods of Early Precambrian magmatic intrusion in East Kunlun Mts. It is further inferred that Late Paleogene paleofloods formed in East Kunlun Mts., captured the Precambrian magmatic zircons, moved southward across Hohxil and northern Qiangtang, and downloaded the detrital zircons in lacustrine deposits of the Suonahu Formation in Shuanghu paleo-lake. Carbon and oxygen isotopes of lacustrine deposits of the Suonahu Formation indicate that paleo-elevation of the Shuanghu area was 3427~3510 m in late Eocene (35~34Ma), which is similar to paleo-elevation inferred paleo-crust thickness by the Airy balance modeling.

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吴珍汉,赵珍,吴中海,季长军,于俊秋.2018.西藏双湖古近纪唢呐湖组碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄与古海拔高度[J].地质学报,92(7):1352-1368.
WU Zhenhan, ZHAO Zhen, WU Zhonghai, JI Changjun, YU Junqiu.2018. U-Pb Ages of Detrital Zircons from the Suonahu Formation and Paleo-elevation Determination in Late Paleogene in the Shuanghu Area, Northern Tibet[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica,92(7):1352-1368.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-03-28
  • 最后修改日期:2018-03-28
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  • 在线发布日期: 2018-07-13
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