A new specific family Spinochonetidae of brachiopods is based on Spinochonetes Rong, Xu et Yang, Spinolella (gen. nov.) and gen. et sp. indet. from the Middle part (Upper Aeronian) of the Lower Member of the Luoreping Formantion in Yichang Aera Western Hubei, Central China (Text table 1), The all members of Spinochonetidae (fam. nov.), only one orthomorph ventral beak spine originating from ventral beak, whereas hinge spines of family Strophochonetidae and family Chonestrophiidae all originating from on posterior ventral hinge margin, therefore they have an essential distinction. In addition, the genus Spinochonetes and its type species S. notata are significant complementally illustrated and described. At the same time, Spinolella (gen. nov.) and its type species S. minuta (gen. et sp. nov.) are described and compared. Up till the present know, the population of new family Spinochonetidae only distributed in Western Hubei, Northeastern Guizhou, Southern Shanxi and Northern Sichuan, South China, and therefor they belong in the local nationality of the Upper Yangtze Platform Region, Southern China. Because Spinochonetidae (fam. nov.) is a specific type of the brachiopos, it is quick-evolution, shell very small and well-preserved. Therefore, the members of new family Spinochonetidae possess the great importances for systematic study, restoring paleoenvironment and stratigraphic correlation of the Llandoverian strata of the Silurian.