楔形构造在山前冲断构造位移量消减中的作用
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国家科技重大专项课题(2008ZX05003-001)


The wedge structure is a main way of thrust structural displacement fade-away in southern Junggar Basin
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    摘要:

    介于复活的天山造山带与稳定的准噶尔克拉通之间的准噶尔盆地南缘前陆冲断带,是印度板块与欧亚大陆碰撞及其远距离效应的产物,也是新近纪以来青藏高原隆升并向北、向东推挤的直接结果。前陆冲断带吸收了来自造山带的水平缩短构造位移量后,克拉通一侧构造趋于稳定。准噶尔盆地南缘与世界上多数前陆冲断带构造地质特征相似,通过区域地震剖面的精细构造几何学和运动学的解释,发现其中的楔形构造非常典型,是前陆冲断带内部冲断构造水平位移量消减的主要方式之一,控制着前陆冲断带发育的范围和变形的方式。准噶尔盆地南缘构造变形主要由南侧的天山造山带向北逆掩冲断,但是大部分冲断构造位移量是通过楔形构造反向传递后消减的。在紧邻天山北麓的齐古-喀拉扎-昌吉等构造带,山前深部的楔形体沿侏罗系西山窑组煤层向北扩展过程中,部分位移量沿构造楔顶部的反冲断层向南消减,并切割上覆地层形成第一排背斜带,另一部分位移量则继续向北传递,在断坡位置引发褶皱变形,形成霍-玛-吐第二排构造带和安集海-呼图壁第三排背斜带。在总位移量保持大致不变的前提下,这三排背斜带在走向上的此消彼长反映了位移量在南、北两个方向上的转换。准噶尔盆地南缘第二、三排构造带中-新生界内部发育多个小型的构造楔型体,这些互相叠置的楔型构造横向延伸不大,加大了构造变形的复杂性和构造圈闭识别的难度。

    Abstract:

    The foreland fold and thrust belts locating between the stable Craton basin and rejuvenated Orogen is the common geologic appearances result from the collision between India plate and Eurasia plate in Cenozoic in the midlle-west China. It’s also the directive result from the Tibet plateau uplifting and pushing toward east and north. The foreland fold and thrust belts absorbed the thrust structural displacement coming from Orogen and make it disappear in the stable Craton basin. The authors have an opinion that the wedge structure is a main way of thrust structural displacement fade-away after analyzing the geometry and kinematics in the south Junggar basin. The wedge structure is made up of two faults both connecting together and their oppositional direction of thrust structural displacement, and the wedge shape geologic body between the two faults. The wedge structures are classic in the south Junggar basin, which also controlled the distribution scope of fold and thrust belt and structural deformation ways. The thrust structural displacement coming from rejuvenated northern Tienshan Orogen propagated toward Craton basin same as the other foreland fold and thrust belts. The thrust structural displacement of subsurface is almost absorbed by the wedge structure with thrusting backward Orogen. For example, when the thrust structural displacement is entirely absorbed by wedge structure in the first row fold and thrust belt, the fold uplift highest and no structural deformation in front of the fold in Kalaza anticline, but the fold uplift lower and existing the second, even third row fold when the displacement is kept and still propagated toward Craton basin in Qigu anticline. The amount of absorbed thrust structural displacement decide the anticline height and strata multiple times superposition

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李本亮,管树巍,陈竹新,John H Shaw,雷永良,王丽宁,赵星.2012.楔形构造在山前冲断构造位移量消减中的作用[J].地质学报,86(6):890-897.
libenliang, Guan shuwei, Chen zhuxin, John H Shaw,-.2012. The wedge structure is a main way of thrust structural displacement fade-away in southern Junggar Basin[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica,86(6):890-897.

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  • 收稿日期:2010-09-19
  • 最后修改日期:2010-12-08
  • 录用日期:2012-05-31
  • 在线发布日期: 2012-05-31
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