硫酸钠亚型富锂卤水25℃等温蒸发过程的计算机模拟
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中国地质调查局项目(编号 1212010011809)和中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所基金项目(编号 K1016)


Computer Simulation of 25℃Isothermal Evaporation Process of LiRich Brines of Sodium Sulfate Subtype
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    摘要:

    我国青藏高原上分布有许多盐湖,其中扎布耶等碳酸盐型盐湖、东台吉乃尔等硫酸镁亚型盐湖是著名的富锂盐湖,已成功开发生产出碳酸锂产品。青藏高原上还有许多硫酸钠亚型盐湖,其卤水锂浓度高,钾、镁、硼等有用成分丰富。针对这些盐湖资源,目前尚未进行开发利用研究。这些卤水的等温蒸发实验研究,是必不可少的关键工作之一。本文使用我们由Pitzer电解质溶液理论建立的Li+,Na+,K+,Mg2+/Cl-,SO2-4-H2O体系的热力学模型,对25℃下几种硫酸钠亚型富锂卤水等温蒸发过程进行了计算机模拟,预测蒸发过程中盐类矿物的析出顺序、卤水组成变化规律、钠、钾、镁、锂盐的饱和点,并在此基础上进行卤水蒸发过程物料平衡关系的理论计算等。本文对西藏3种硫酸钠亚型卤水和国外2种硫酸钠亚型卤水25℃等温蒸发过程进行了模拟。其析盐顺序的特点是:在第一个矿物石盐饱和析出后,接着析出的含钾矿物是钾芒硝,而不是钾镁矾类矿物。其后钾盐则会以钾岩盐形式析出。锂盐饱和后则主要以复盐Li2SO4·K2SO4形式析出。美国银峰卤水的模拟结果与实验蒸发过程完全一致,并给出其继续蒸发时的析盐状况。另4种硫酸钠亚型卤水的模拟结果不仅可以作为未来实验研究的基本参考和注意点,同样也可作为其盐田设计和工艺安排的基本理论依据。本文研究为该类型卤水资源综合开发利用工艺路线的确立提供理论参考。

    Abstract:

    There are many salt lakes on the QinghaiTibet Plateau, China. Carbonatetype salt lakes such as Zabuye Salt Lake and magnesium sulfatesubtype salt lakes such as Dong Taijnar Lake are famous Lirich salt lakes and have been exploited successfully and produced lithium carbonate. There are also many salt lakes of sodium sulfate subtype on the QinghaiTibet Plateau, and brines in these salt lakes have a high concentration of lithium in addition to other abundant useful components such as potassium, boron and magnesium. No research has been made on exploitation and utilization of these salt lake resources so far. In this paper, the kinetic model of the system Li+, Na+, K+, Mg2+/Cl-, SO2-4H2O constructed using Pitzer’s electrolyte solution theory is used to conduct computer simulation of isothermal evaporation of several kinds of Lirich brine of sodium sulfate subtype at 25 ℃. The authors predicted the sequence of precipitation of minerals during the evaporation, change in brine composition, saturation points of sodium, potassium, magnesium and lithium salts, and on that basis they made theoretical calculations of the balance relationships of materials during the evaporation of brines. The simulation involves three kinds of brines of sodium sulfatesubtype in Tibet and two kinds of brines of sodium sulfatesubtype. The simulation results of Silver Peak brines in the United States are in complete agreement with those of the evaporation process of the experiment. The results of simulation of Lirich brines can be used as theoretical reference for the design of the technological line of comprehensive exploitation and utilization of this type of brine resources.

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卜令忠,乜贞,宋彭生.2010.硫酸钠亚型富锂卤水25℃等温蒸发过程的计算机模拟[J].地质学报,84(11):1708-1714.
BU Lingzhong, NIE Zhen, SONG Pengsheng.2010. Computer Simulation of 25℃Isothermal Evaporation Process of LiRich Brines of Sodium Sulfate Subtype[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica,84(11):1708-1714.

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  • 收稿日期:2010-08-20
  • 最后修改日期:2010-09-24
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