The Lower Carboniferous Akeshake formation in the Nileke North Yuzan area of northern margin of Yining Basin，Xinjiang，is divided into three main sections: the lower section consists of conglomerate, sandy conglomerate and lithic sandstone and have a thickness of more than 345m，which belongs to fan delta facies. The central section consists of bioclastic limestone，micrite and oolitic limestone intercalated with relatively small amounts of calcium argillaceous siltstoue，enriched in various kinds of marine fossils of the Early Carboniferous，such as brachiopods，corals, ammonites, bryozoans，stromatoporoids，and have a thickness of 182.97m，which belongs to shallow subfacies of littoral facies. The upper section is a succession of coarse-grained elastic rocks，belonging to fan delta facies，mainly composed of conglomerate，conglomeratic pebbly sandstone and lithic sandstone，and have a thickness of more than 751m，in which marine brachiopods，corals and ammonites coexist with terrestrial plant fossils. The delta-facies construction of the new established is significantly different from the shallow marine facies sedimentary construction that the predecessor referred to the formation in Yining area. Combination of regional data confirm that the Lower Carboniferous in the southern Yining Basin is fore arc abyssal-bathyal facies and in the central of Awulale mountains is back-arc shallow marine facies，however，in the Yuzan area of northern margin of Yining Basin the Lower Carboniferous is typical delta facies. This new discovery is of significance for re-cognizing the Early Carboniferous paleogeography and palaeotectonic pattern in Yining Basin.