库车前陆盆地古-新近系铜矿化特征及铜的来源、富集分布初探
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Elementary Discussion on Origin, Enrichment, Distribution of Copper and Its Characteristics of Copper Mineralization in Kuqa Foreland Basin from Paleogene to Neogene System
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    摘要:

    库车盆地铜成矿作用发生在新近纪,主要有砂岩型、泥岩型、灰岩型、含石英脉硫化物型铜矿化。矿化主要分布在盆地南部的秋里塔格构造带和北部的克拉苏构造带,基本位于背斜核部偏两翼部位,沿近东西向的断裂带呈带状分布,发育在盐丘附近。主要的地表铜矿物是氯铜矿,为干旱气候条件下含盐盆地的产物。盆地古近系蒸发岩电镜分析、石膏铜含量化学分析及新近系碎屑岩中铜含量变化分析结果表明:盐岩、膏岩,褐红色碎屑岩(粉砂岩、泥质粉砂岩、泥岩)为铜的矿源层,灰绿色粉砂岩、泥岩、灰白色(含砾)中粗砂岩为铜的含矿层。铜离子的运移载体为源自大气降水溶解蒸发岩所形成的卤水,卤水淋滤褐红色碎屑岩中的铜并下渗到地下,在以构造挤压为主及盐构造卸负作用产生流体上涌的驱动力下沿断裂向地表运移,随着卤水温度压力降低,在干旱气候条件下,在地表碎屑岩节理面、部分层理面上盐、膏、铜矿物析出,形成地表砂岩型、泥岩型、灰岩型铜矿化。如果含铜卤水经过被方解石交代的硬石膏带时,遇到由于TSR反应形成的还原硫、氧化-还原化学障,铜会发生富集,可能形成地下铜矿体。

    Abstract:

    The copper mineralization has taken place in Neogene period, and main mineralization types are sandstone type, mudstone type, limestone type, and sulfide type comprised quartz reef. The mineralization mainly distribute on 2 big tectonic zones-Qiulitage in south and Kelasu in north in Kuqa Basin, and lies in alar part near by axis part of anticline, not only do the distribution areas like belt which is consistent with transmeridional fracture zone, but also has been developed near by diapires. The main copper mineral is atacamite on the surface, which form on droughty climate conditions in salt basin. The analytical results of electronic microscope on samples in paleogene system, content of copper in gypsum, and content of copper in clastic rock samples indicates that salt, gypsum, maroon clastic rock (fine sand stone , siltstone , and mud stone) are soured of ore of copper, and celadon siltstone , mud stone, and hoar (gravels inclusion) middling and coarse granularity sandstone are inclusion of ore of copper. Brine which roots in evaporation dissolved by rainwater is carrier of copper ions, the brine eluviate copper from maroon clastic rock and filter underground, when drived by power of main structure extrusion and upward water flush for load uninstalled of salt tectonics, it move up to surface along rupture belt, accompanying depressing of temperature and pressure and conditions of droughty climate, some salt, gypsum, and copper mineral separate out on joint plane or bed plane, so the phenomena of copper mineralization (sandstone type, mudstone type, limestone type) is coming. If the brine containing copper pass by anhydrite belt replaced partly by calcite, when happened to native sulphur which made by reaction of TSR and chemic barrier of oxidation to deoxidation, the copper can enrich and so orebody come into being.

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曹养同,刘成林,陈永志,焦鹏程,宣之强.2010.库车前陆盆地古-新近系铜矿化特征及铜的来源、富集分布初探[J].地质学报,84(12):1791-1804.
Cao Yangtong, Liu Chenglin, Chen Yongzhi, Jiao Pengcheng, Xuan Zhiqiang.2010. Elementary Discussion on Origin, Enrichment, Distribution of Copper and Its Characteristics of Copper Mineralization in Kuqa Foreland Basin from Paleogene to Neogene System[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica,84(12):1791-1804.

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  • 收稿日期:2009-08-06
  • 最后修改日期:2010-08-16
  • 录用日期:2010-09-26
  • 在线发布日期: 2010-12-02
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