There are several grabens in Jianghan Basin, which are essential to oil and gas reconstruction. Based on detailed observation of tectonic deformation in both Yuan’an Graben and Nanzhang Graben in northwest Jianghan Basin, the deformation characteristics are analyzed in detail and the stress field sequences are rebuilt. According to the deformation characteristics and the stress field sequences, combined with the evolution of regional tectonic and superimposed deformation features in this area, and the evolution history of the grabens in Jianghan Basin can be divided into four main stages: 1) Late Cretaceous to Paleogence, dominated by NEE-SWW-trending extension, the grabens formed in Jianghan Basin; 2) late Paleogence, the grabens deformed strongly by the E-W-striking tectonic compression; 3) Neogene, controlled by NE-SW-trending extension and NW-SE-striking extension in turn, the grabens were extended again; 4) late Neogene, dextral-slip activation occurred to the grabens due to NE-SW-striking compression. This study will be beneficial to research on tectonic evolution and the storage and migration of oil and gas in Jianghan Basin.